Determination of cadmium and lead in water, sediment and bioindicator organisms in Estero Salado, Ecuador

Authors

  • Beatriz Margarita Pernía Santos Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad de Guayaquil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2476-7279
  • Mariuxi Mero Instituto de Investigaciones de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Guayaquil, Guayaquil–Ecuador
  • Xavier Cornejo Herbario GUAY, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad de Guayaquil, Guayaquil–Ecuador
  • Nelson Ramírez-Prado Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad de Guayaquil
  • Lissette Ramírez Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad de Guayaquil
  • Kenya Bravo Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad de Guayaquil
  • David López Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad de Guayaquil
  • Jorge Muñoz Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad de Guayaquil
  • Josué Zambrano Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad de Guayaquil

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29019/enfoqueute.v9n2.246

Keywords:

sentinels, heavy metals, Portete bridge, Littorina varia, Cerithidea mazatlanica

Abstract

Evidence of pollution by heavy metals have been detected in the city of Guayaquil, province of Guayas, coastal Ecuador. The water and sediment in the mangrove environs of Puente Portete in Estero Salado were tested for concentrations of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb), as well as the following organisms: gastropods, including Littorina varia and Cerithidea mazatlanica, and the leaves of Rhizophora racemosa, Laguncularia racemosa, Avicennia germinans, and Conocarpus erectus. The samples were analyzed using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The values of Cd and Pb in water and sediment exceeded the permissible limits established by Ecuadorian and Canadian standards. The gastropod species L. varia and C. mazatlanica were the best indicator organisms for detecting pollution by accumulating 2.45 ± 0.49 ppm Pb and 1.49 ± 0.67 ppm Cd, respectively. Because of the low bioavailability of heavy metals in sediments, mangrove plants did not accumulate Cd and Pb in leaves.

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Published

2018-06-29

How to Cite

Pernía Santos, B. M., Mero, M., Cornejo, X., Ramírez-Prado, N., Ramírez, L., Bravo, K., López, D., Muñoz, J., & Zambrano, J. (2018). Determination of cadmium and lead in water, sediment and bioindicator organisms in Estero Salado, Ecuador. Enfoque UTE, 9(2), pp. 89 - 105. https://doi.org/10.29019/enfoqueute.v9n2.246

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Section

Environment