In vitro techniques in Solanum lycopersicum, Solanumtuberosum, and Solanum × muricatum anthers

J. Marcelo  Morales; C. Daniela Calderón; V. Pamela Chiluisa-Utreras; P. Yissel Dávalos

doi:10.29019/enfoqueute.1215

Authors

J. Marcelo Morales Salesian Polytechnic University, Ecuador https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9649-2577
C. Daniela Calderón Salesian Polytechnic University, Master’s Degree in Molecular Biotechnology https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4918-4130
V. Pamela Chiluisa-Utreras Salesian Polytechnic University, Master’s Degree in Molecular Biotechnology, BIOARN group https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8647-1791
P. Yissel Dávalos Technic University of Ambato, Faculty of Food Engineering and Biotechnology https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7294-2678

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29019/enfoqueute.1215

Keywords:

Solanum, gentamicin, clone, callogenesis, microspore

Abstract

In vitro techniques for Solanum transcendental crops were developed, including propagation from tomato seed, micropropagation of potato by tuber sprouts, and sweet pepino anther culture. At all stages of tomato, and potato a completely randomized design (CRD) with or without factorial arrangement was used; and culture media were assessed for sweet pepino anther culture. Tomatoes Floradade (V1), and Montego (V2), potatoes Chaucha (CH), Leona Blanca (LB), and Leona Negra (LN), and sweet pepino New Generation (NG) were utilized, as well as two disinfection treatments (TD), different concentrations of gentamicin (50, 68.8, and 75 mg · L⁻¹), fungicides (FF), bacteriostatic and bactericidal (BB). Tomato germination with contamination < 10% was obtained with V1-TD1-68.8ppm = 86.67%, and V2-TD1-68.8ppm = 80.00%; while explant length (mean ± S.E.) ranging from V2-TD1-68.8ppm = 12.63 cm ± 0.49, to V2-TD2-68.8ppm = 3.40 cm ± 1.23 was significantly different; and ex vitro plant length was different between V1 = 12.64 cm ± 0.68, and V2 = 17.17 cm ± 0.69. In potato micropropagation (contamination 0.0–6.67% and survival 93.33–100%), leaf number was different among CH-FFBB-75ppm = 7.60 ± 0.43 (A), LB-FFBB-75ppm = 4.00 ± 0.58 (B), and LN-FFBB-75ppm = 1.50 ± 0.27 (C), and explant length was similar, with 2.14, 1.79, and 1.96 cm, respectively. Two calluses from sweet pepino anthers were obtained on media with kinetin (0.01–0.1 ppm), auxin, and cytokinin.

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