Physical, chemical and microbiological evaluation of cassava silage with cowpea and microbial culture
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29019/enfoqueute.v8n5.181Keywords:
silage, microbial culture, cassava, cowpeaAbstract
The aim of this work was to evaluate the physical, microbiological, fibrous and lactic acid changes of cassava silage with cowpea used on biological mix. Fifty kg whole cassava (root, stem and leaves), 20 kg of cowpea flour and 4 L of microbial culture containing Lactobacillus acidophillus, Streptococcus thermophillus and Klyumyces fragilis (L-4 UCLV) were used. The evaluated treatments were: Y100integral cassava (Y100), integral cassava more 20% cowpea (Y+C), and integral cassava more 20% cowpeas and 8% of microbial culture (Y+C+BP). The ensiled material was preserved in sterile glass bottles with wide mouth. A completely randomized design was used. The physicochemical, microbiological, fibrous and lactic acid characteristics were evaluated. For 18 months, the dry matter, crude and true protein, lactic acid contents and the microbial viability was higher (P <0.05) in Y+C+BP treatments from 2 to 18 months. The fibrosity and the pH of the silage was also lower (P <0.05) at the end of the study in this treatment Y+C+BP. It is concluded that with the inclusion of the microbial mix in the cassava silage with cowpea, it is possible to preserve the physicochemical and microbiological properties for 18 months, as well as the values of dry matter, crude and true protein, and lactic acid contents were improved.
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References
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Spanghero, M., Zanfi, C., Signor, M., Davanzo, D., Volpe, V., y Venerus, S. (2015). “Effects of plant vegetative stage and fielddrying time on chemical composition and in vitro ruminal degradation of forage soybean silage”. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 200,102-106.
Ali, M., Cone, J.W., van Duinkerken, G., Klop, A., Kruisdijk, J., Blok, M.C., Bruinenberg, M., y Hendriks, W.H. (2014). “Relationship between chemical composition and in situ rumen degradation characteristics of grass silages in dairy cows”. NJAS-Wageningen Journal of Life Sciences, 70,9-15.
AOAC. (2012). “Official methods of analysis, Association of official analytical chemist 19th edition”, Washington D.C., USA.
Conway, E.J. (1957). Microdiffusion Analysis and Volumetric Error. 4th ed. Crosby Lockwood and Son, London, Engl.
Dadvar, P., Dayani, O., Mehdipour, M., y Morovat, M. (2015). Determination of physical characteristics, chemical composition and digestion coefficients of treated lemon pulp with Saccharomyces cerevisiae in goat diet. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition 99(1):107–113.
Danelon, J.L., D’Alesio, M., Barletta, L., Allocati, P.A., Wawrzkiewicz, M., Ceballos, E., Colatto, C., y Victoria, D. (2010). “Ensilaje de alfalfa suplementado con distintos concentrados energéticos para alimentar cabras lecheras”. Asociación Latinoamericana de Producción Animal, 18(1-2), 17-26.
del Rio, S,. Heguy, J.M., Lago, A. (2010). “Feed management practices on California dairies”. Journal of Dairy Science, 93 (Suppl.1), 773.
Der Bedrosian, M.C., Nestor, K.E., y Kung, L. (2012). “The effects of hybrid, maturity, and length of storage on the composition and nutritive value of corn silage”. Journal of Dairy Science, 95:5115–5126.
Duncan, D.B. (1955). “Multiple range and multiple F tests”. Biometrics 11:1.
Fernández-Herrero, A., Tabera, A., Agüeria, D., y Manca, E. (2013). “Obtención, caracterización microbiológica y físicoquímica de ensilado biológico de anchoíta (Engraulis anchoíta)”. REDVET - Revista electrónica de Veterinaria, 14(2).
Guglielmo, S., Proietti, S., Moscatello, S., Stefanoni, W., y Battistelli, A. (2015). “Anaerobic digestion of corn silage on a commercial scale: Differential utilization of its chemical constituents and characterization of the solid digestate”. Biomass and Bioenergy, 83, 17-22.
Heguy, J.M., Karle, B.M., Price, P.L., y Meyer, D. (2010). “Calculating field nutrient removal rates to comply with General Order for Existing Milk Cow Dairies from California’s Central Valley Regional Water Quality Control Board”. Journal of Dairy Science, 93 (Suppl. 1), 412.
Heguy, J.M., Meyer, D., y Silva-del-Río, N. (2016). “A survey of silage management practices on California dairies”. Journal of Dairy Science, 99(2), 1-6
Hoffman, P.C., Esser, N.M., Shaver, R.D., Coblentz, W.K., Scott, M.P., Bodnar, A.L., Schmidt, R.J., y Charley, R.C. (2011). “Influence of ensiling time and inoculation on alteration of the starchprotein matrix in high-moisture corn”. Journal of Dairy Science, 94, 2465–2474.
Ke, W.C., Yangb, F.Y., Undersander, D.J., y Guo, X.S. (2015). “Fermentation characteristics, aerobic stability, proteolysis and lipid composition of alfalfa silage ensiled with apple or grape pomace”. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 202, 12-19.
Kung, L., Lim, J.M., Hudson, D.J., Smith, J.M., y Joerger, R.D. (2015). “Chemical composition and nutritive value of corn silage harvested in the northeastern United States after Tropical Storm Irene”. Journal of Dairy Science, 98(3), 2055–2062.
Lyncha, J., Jina, L., Larab, E.C., Baaha, J., y Beauchemina, K.A. (2014). “The effect of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes and a ferulic acidesterase-producing inoculant on the fibre degradability, chemical composition and conservation characteristics of alfalfa silage”. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 193, 21-31.
Miranda, J.E., Marin, A., y Baño, D. (2017). “Elaboration of a bioprepared with probiotic effect from a mixed culture of lactic bacteria and yeasts”. Bionatura, 2(1), 245-247.
Miranda-Yuquilema, J.E., Marin-Cárdenas, A., y Gonzales-Pérez, M. (2014). “Selage of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) with cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata) for pig alimentation”. REDVET - Revista electrónica de Veterinaria. 15(2).
Sourav, B., y Arijit, D. (2010). “Study of physical and culture parameters on the bacteriocins produced by lactic acid bacteria isolated from traditional indian fermented food”. American Journal of Food Technology, 5 (2), 111-120.
Spanghero, M., Zanfi, C., Signor, M., Davanzo, D., Volpe, V., y Venerus, S. (2015). “Effects of plant vegetative stage and fielddrying time on chemical composition and in vitro ruminal degradation of forage soybean silage”. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 200,102-106.
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2017-12-18
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How to Cite
Physical, chemical and microbiological evaluation of cassava silage with cowpea and microbial culture. (2017). Enfoque UTE, 8(5), pp. 67 - 75. https://doi.org/10.29019/enfoqueute.v8n5.181
